Chronology of push to oust Muhyiddin
Malaysiakini Team
Published: Sep 9, 2025 10:03 AM
Updated: 1:55 PM
The Bersatu annual general meeting (AGM) over the weekend saw an attempted coup against party president Muhyiddin Yassin.
It's a move that in one form or another has been long in the making - and involved factions from both Bersatu and its Perikatan Nasional partner, PAS.
Malaysiakini breaks down a chronology of events.
December 2022
After failing to form the government in the November 2022 general election, PN appointed Bersatu deputy president Hamzah Zainudin as opposition leader.
Muhyiddin was appointed as PN’s coalition chief in Parliament, with PAS president Abdul Hadi Awang as his deputy.
November 2023
At the Bersatu AGM, Muhyiddin announced plans to retire as Bersatu president by 2024.
However, he made a U-turn in less than 24 hours after Bersatu pressured him to stay on.
Late 2024
Bersatu vice-president Ahmad Faizal Azumu said PN parties should give up ambitions of replacing Muhyiddin as the coalition’s chairperson.
Published: Sep 9, 2025 10:03 AM
Updated: 1:55 PM
The Bersatu annual general meeting (AGM) over the weekend saw an attempted coup against party president Muhyiddin Yassin.
It's a move that in one form or another has been long in the making - and involved factions from both Bersatu and its Perikatan Nasional partner, PAS.
Malaysiakini breaks down a chronology of events.
December 2022
After failing to form the government in the November 2022 general election, PN appointed Bersatu deputy president Hamzah Zainudin as opposition leader.
Muhyiddin was appointed as PN’s coalition chief in Parliament, with PAS president Abdul Hadi Awang as his deputy.
November 2023
At the Bersatu AGM, Muhyiddin announced plans to retire as Bersatu president by 2024.
However, he made a U-turn in less than 24 hours after Bersatu pressured him to stay on.
Late 2024
Bersatu vice-president Ahmad Faizal Azumu said PN parties should give up ambitions of replacing Muhyiddin as the coalition’s chairperson.
Bersatu vice-president Ahmad Faizal Azumu
PAS spiritual leader Hashim Jasin countered that the Islamist party is better suited to lead PN.
PAS leaders also pushed for its secretary-general, Takiyuddin Hassan, to become PN’s secretary-general after the post was vacated by Hamzah, who was elevated as PN deputy chairperson.
However, the post instead went to Azmin Ali, a loyalist to Muhyiddin in Bersatu.
The development prompted PAS vice-president Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar to resign as PN treasurer.
Early 2025
In February, five PAS leaders - led by deputy president Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man - and five Bersatu leaders, including supreme council member Wan Saiful Wan Jan, met in Kuala Lumpur for a high-level meeting.
According to sources, the meeting established that PAS had no intentions to helm the country.
They then reportedly discussed plans to restructure PN and give significant operational powers to Hamzah.
The plan was reportedly aimed at positioning Hamzah as PN’s prime minister candidate. However, the plan was said to have stalled after resistance led by Azmin.
PAS spiritual leader Hashim Jasin countered that the Islamist party is better suited to lead PN.
PAS leaders also pushed for its secretary-general, Takiyuddin Hassan, to become PN’s secretary-general after the post was vacated by Hamzah, who was elevated as PN deputy chairperson.
However, the post instead went to Azmin Ali, a loyalist to Muhyiddin in Bersatu.
The development prompted PAS vice-president Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar to resign as PN treasurer.
Early 2025
In February, five PAS leaders - led by deputy president Tuan Ibrahim Tuan Man - and five Bersatu leaders, including supreme council member Wan Saiful Wan Jan, met in Kuala Lumpur for a high-level meeting.
According to sources, the meeting established that PAS had no intentions to helm the country.
They then reportedly discussed plans to restructure PN and give significant operational powers to Hamzah.
The plan was reportedly aimed at positioning Hamzah as PN’s prime minister candidate. However, the plan was said to have stalled after resistance led by Azmin.
Bersatu deputy president Hamzah Zainudin
The PAS faction’s motivation for supporting a leadership change was unclear, but speculation was rife that Hamzah was seen as a more effective leader.
The matter came to light in June, with PAS issuing a denial. However, talk of replacing Muhyiddin with Hamzah persisted.
Muhyiddin revealed in July that he has Hadi’s backing to remain as PN chief.
One week before Bersatu AGM on Sept 6-7
A poison pen letter began to circulate, accusing Hamzah of planning to topple Muhyiddin.
On Sept 8, it was confirmed that around 120 Bersatu division chiefs signed statutory declarations (SDs) pressuring Muhyiddin to hand over the reins to Hamzah.
Utusan Malaysia, in a report after the AGM, quoted Ampang Bersatu chief Isa Saidi as confirming the matter, and he was one of the signatories.
He said it was out of concern for the party’s survival in the next general election, with the division leaders fearing that PAS might abandon Bersatu if the two continue to be at loggerheads.
Malaysiakini was made to understand that the SDs have not been submitted to Muhyiddin.
Sept 6
Muhyiddin openly confronted those pressuring him in his opening speech at the AGM, telling them to respect the Bersatu constitution.
His remarks triggered a shouting match among delegates.
The matter came to light in June, with PAS issuing a denial. However, talk of replacing Muhyiddin with Hamzah persisted.
Muhyiddin revealed in July that he has Hadi’s backing to remain as PN chief.
One week before Bersatu AGM on Sept 6-7
A poison pen letter began to circulate, accusing Hamzah of planning to topple Muhyiddin.
On Sept 8, it was confirmed that around 120 Bersatu division chiefs signed statutory declarations (SDs) pressuring Muhyiddin to hand over the reins to Hamzah.
Utusan Malaysia, in a report after the AGM, quoted Ampang Bersatu chief Isa Saidi as confirming the matter, and he was one of the signatories.
He said it was out of concern for the party’s survival in the next general election, with the division leaders fearing that PAS might abandon Bersatu if the two continue to be at loggerheads.
Malaysiakini was made to understand that the SDs have not been submitted to Muhyiddin.
Sept 6
Muhyiddin openly confronted those pressuring him in his opening speech at the AGM, telling them to respect the Bersatu constitution.
His remarks triggered a shouting match among delegates.
A commotion breaks out during Bersatu president Muhyiddin Yassin’s policy speech
Sept 7
The Bersatu supreme council held a morning meeting before the second day of the AGM began.
Sources told Malaysiakini that the meeting agreed to put an end to open displays of dissent.
Later during the AGM, Bersatu delegates approved a motion for Muhyiddin to remain as president. They also approved a motion for him to be their prime minister candidate in the next general election.
In his speech later, Hamzah swore fealty to Muhyiddin.
The Bersatu supreme council held a morning meeting before the second day of the AGM began.
Sources told Malaysiakini that the meeting agreed to put an end to open displays of dissent.
Later during the AGM, Bersatu delegates approved a motion for Muhyiddin to remain as president. They also approved a motion for him to be their prime minister candidate in the next general election.
In his speech later, Hamzah swore fealty to Muhyiddin.
Hamzah and Muhyiddin during the recent Bersatu AGM in Shah Alam
Muhyiddin, having publicly consolidated his position, gave a shout-out to PAS in his closing speech, thanking the Islamist party for continuing to support his leadership of PN.
Sept 8
Sources told Malaysiakini that the SD saga is not over, and that a senior leader is waiting to get an appointment to present the declarations to Muhyiddin.
Sept 8
Sources told Malaysiakini that the SD saga is not over, and that a senior leader is waiting to get an appointment to present the declarations to Muhyiddin.
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All above are music to PMX's ears, wakakaka
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